EPB (Earth Preasure Balance) Tunnel Boring Machine
Schematic diagram of EPB tunnel boring machine with segments
Below is a schematic of the main parts of an EPB TBM with segmental lining. All its components fall into 3 main groups: the shield and cutter wheel, the back up and finally the train.
- THE SHIELD is the main part of the TBM. It houses the cutter wheel drive, the thrust cylinders and guide cylinders that guide the TBM, the auger and the segment erector to build the tunnel lining, among other things.
- THE BACK UP of TBMs for collectors is normally more than 80 m. long where the control cabin, the main engines, the rubble extraction belt, the ventilation, the electrical transformer and all the electrical control panels, the foam and mortar injection equipment, as well as the tracks where the train will be placed, etc... are housed.
- The TRAIN is powered by an electric or diesel locomotive similar to those used in many mining operations. It has rubble wagons for the extraction of an advance, as well as a mortar wagon for the backfilling of the backfill also of an advance. A flat car can also be incorporated for the transport of material or personnel.
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