{"id":4936,"date":"2025-12-10T09:16:16","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T09:16:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/?p=4936"},"modified":"2026-03-12T11:51:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T11:51:53","slug":"how-to-design-and-implement-a-microtunnel-submarine-outfall-from-land","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/como-se-disena-y-ejecuta-un-emisario-submarino-mediante-microtunel-desde-tierra\/","title":{"rendered":"How is a microtunnel subsea outfall designed and executed from land?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4936\" class=\"elementor elementor-4936\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6327ef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d6327ef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d3dfe2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d3dfe2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"1027\">The design of a <strong data-start=\"455\" data-end=\"515\">subsea outfall executed from land with microtunneling<\/strong> begins by defining the function of the outfall (discharge of treated water, desalination brine, aquaculture returns, etc.) and the best discharge area into the sea. From there, a remote-controlled tunnel is traced from an onshore shaft to an outfall point below the seabed, avoiding dredging and open trenches on the seabed. An overview of these assets is explained in <strong data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"986\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/what-is-a-submarine-outfall\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"984\">what is a submarine outfall<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"1029\" data-end=\"1072\">Preliminary analysis and layout design<\/h3><p data-start=\"1074\" data-end=\"1134\">Before defining the alignment of the microtunnel, they are studied:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1394\"><li data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1214\"><p data-start=\"1138\" data-end=\"1214\"><strong data-start=\"1138\" data-end=\"1167\">Bathymetry and oceanography<\/strong> (depths, waves, currents, turbidity).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1215\" data-end=\"1310\"><p data-start=\"1217\" data-end=\"1310\"><strong data-start=\"1217\" data-end=\"1243\">Environmental sensitivity<\/strong> of the environment (protected areas, bathing areas, marine habitats).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1311\" data-end=\"1394\"><p data-start=\"1313\" data-end=\"1394\">Operating conditions: flow rates, discharge regime, dilution requirements.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"1396\" data-end=\"1715\">The article <strong data-start=\"1408\" data-end=\"1542\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/how-to-plan-a-subsea-outfall-from-land\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1410\" data-end=\"1540\">how to plan a subsea outfall from land<\/a><\/strong> summarizes these steps and explains how to combine microtunneling or Direct Pipe\u00ae in the onshore section with marine techniques in the offshore section.<\/p><p data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"2014\">In parallel, the <strong data-start=\"1743\" data-end=\"1823\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/submerged-applications\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1745\" data-end=\"1821\">submerged applications<\/a><\/strong> reviews the types of projects in which these solutions are applied: outfalls, dam outfalls, catchments and crossings of marine protected areas.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"2016\" data-end=\"2068\">2. Offshore attack well and associated civil works<\/h3><p data-start=\"2070\" data-end=\"2258\">The <strong data-start=\"2073\" data-end=\"2091\">attack shaft<\/strong> is designed to house the TBM, pusher bed and pipe chain, and is usually close to the treatment plant or desalination plant. It must guarantee:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2480\"><li data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2334\"><p data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2334\">Stability of the enclosure against water table and wave action.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2335\" data-end=\"2402\"><p data-start=\"2337\" data-end=\"2402\">Space for sludge equipment, cranes and surface logistics.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2403\" data-end=\"2480\"><p data-start=\"2405\" data-end=\"2480\">Heights that allow reaching the seabed with the foreseen coverages.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"2482\" data-end=\"2786\">In projects of <strong data-start=\"2498\" data-end=\"2529\">sea water catchments<\/strong>, This civil work is integrated with pumping chambers and service galleries, as detailed in the following table. <strong data-start=\"2623\" data-end=\"2745\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/sea-water-catchments\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"2625\" data-end=\"2743\">seawater catchments with microtunneling, HDD and Direct Pipe<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"2788\" data-end=\"2835\">3. Choice of method and shield type<\/h3><p data-start=\"2837\" data-end=\"2920\">Depending on the geotechnics under the coast and seabed, it is selected between:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2922\" data-end=\"3120\"><li data-start=\"2922\" data-end=\"3036\"><p data-start=\"2924\" data-end=\"3036\"><strong data-start=\"2924\" data-end=\"2954\">Microtunnel with hydro-shield<\/strong>, when saturated sands and silts predominate and pressure control is crucial.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3037\" data-end=\"3120\"><p data-start=\"3039\" data-end=\"3120\"><strong data-start=\"3039\" data-end=\"3061\">Microtunneling with EPB<\/strong>, in cohesive or mixed soils with lower permeability.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"3122\" data-end=\"3418\">For desalination, it is common to combine microtunneling with other techniques in the catchment systems, as explained in <strong data-start=\"3242\" data-end=\"3377\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/seawater-collection-systems-for-seawater-desalination\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3244\" data-end=\"3375\">seawater harvesting systems for desalination<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"3420\" data-end=\"3473\">4. Excavation of the microtunnel under the seabed.<\/h3><p data-start=\"3475\" data-end=\"3530\">They are continuously monitored during excavation:<\/p><ul data-start=\"3532\" data-end=\"3781\"><li data-start=\"3532\" data-end=\"3629\"><p data-start=\"3534\" data-end=\"3629\"><strong data-start=\"3534\" data-end=\"3555\">Chamber pressure<\/strong>, to balance the front and avoid water ingress or loss of fines.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3706\"><p data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3706\"><strong data-start=\"3632\" data-end=\"3651\">Thrust and torque<\/strong>, to maintain the feed rate without overloading the pipeline.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3707\" data-end=\"3781\"><p data-start=\"3709\" data-end=\"3781\"><strong data-start=\"3709\" data-end=\"3730\">Alignment and elevation<\/strong>, with laser or gyroscopic navigation systems.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"3783\" data-end=\"4226\">In some cases, sections are executed in curves or with section changes similar to those seen in reference works, such as the <strong data-start=\"3908\" data-end=\"4004\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/works\/moncofar-submarine-outfall\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"3910\" data-end=\"4002\">Moncofa submarine outfall<\/a><\/strong> or the <strong data-start=\"4010\" data-end=\"4092\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/works\/sdp-desalination-plant\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4012\" data-end=\"4090\">desalination plant SDP<\/a><\/strong>, The project was completed with a combination of onshore and subsea tunnels for brine immisaries and outfalls.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"4228\" data-end=\"4283\">5. Exit window and connection to the marine section.<\/h3><p data-start=\"4285\" data-end=\"4562\">When the exit point is reached, a <strong data-start=\"4332\" data-end=\"4353\">controlled breakage<\/strong> The front of the front under the seabed, usually inside a caisson, cofferdam or other protective structure. The subsea branch (diffusers, discharge heads or collection inlets) is then connected.<\/p><p data-start=\"4564\" data-end=\"4948\">The complete process of laying and connecting offshore pipelines can be reviewed in the guide <strong data-start=\"4661\" data-end=\"4815\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/how-is-the-construction-of-submarine-outfalls-carried-out\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4663\" data-end=\"4813\">how the construction of submarine outfalls is carried out<\/a><\/strong>, which explains the marine phases of fabrication, transport, anchoring and protection of the outfall.\u00a0<\/p><h3 data-start=\"4950\" data-end=\"5006\">6. Benefits of microtunneling in submarine outfalls<\/h3><p data-start=\"5008\" data-end=\"5082\">Compared to conventional methods, microtunneling from the ground provides:<\/p><ul data-start=\"5084\" data-end=\"5626\"><li data-start=\"5084\" data-end=\"5306\"><p data-start=\"5086\" data-end=\"5306\"><strong data-start=\"5086\" data-end=\"5113\">Lower environmental impact<\/strong>, by avoiding large ditches and dredging in sensitive seabed areas or <strong data-start=\"5173\" data-end=\"5265\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/crossings-of-marine-protected-areas\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5175\" data-end=\"5263\">marine protected areas<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5307\" data-end=\"5411\"><p data-start=\"5309\" data-end=\"5411\"><strong data-start=\"5309\" data-end=\"5328\">Increased safety<\/strong>, reducing the exposure of personnel and equipment to adverse offshore conditions.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5412\" data-end=\"5526\"><p data-start=\"5414\" data-end=\"5526\"><strong data-start=\"5414\" data-end=\"5445\">Accuracy in dimensioning and scribing<\/strong>, critical for the hydraulics of the outfall and the correct dispersion of the discharge.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5527\" data-end=\"5626\"><p data-start=\"5529\" data-end=\"5626\"><strong data-start=\"5529\" data-end=\"5555\">Reduced coastal impact<\/strong>, The project will maintain beaches and seafronts in service during the work.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5628\" data-end=\"6099\">To see real examples of outfalls and catchments executed with this philosophy, you can consult the projects highlighted in the section of <strong data-start=\"5773\" data-end=\"5830\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/works\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5775\" data-end=\"5828\">works of Eurohinca<\/a><\/strong> and the cases of <strong data-start=\"5846\" data-end=\"5980\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eurohinca.com\/en\/efficient-catchments-and-returns-for-aquaculture\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"5848\" data-end=\"5978\">efficient catchments and returns for aquaculture<\/a><\/strong>, The report details solutions in fish farms and demanding coastal environments.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El dise\u00f1o de un emisario submarino ejecutado desde tierra con microt\u00fanel comienza definiendo la funci\u00f3n del emisario (vertido de agua tratada, salmuera de desaladora, retornos de acuicultura, etc.) y la mejor zona de descarga en el mar. A partir de ah\u00ed se traza un t\u00fanel teledirigido desde un pozo en costa hasta un punto de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[146],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-preguntas-frecuentes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Emisarios submarinos con microt\u00fanel desde tierra<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00f3mo se dise\u00f1a y ejecuta un emisario submarino mediante microt\u00fanel desde tierra: pozos en costa, escudos EPB e hidroescudo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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